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<td class="pageTitle" nowrap="true">Role: 项目经理</td><td width="100%">
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<td valign="top">该角色规划、管理和分配资源、设定优先级、协调与客户和用户的沟通，并使项目团队的集中于其工作目标。项目经理还建立一套工作方法，以确保项目工作产品的完整性和质量。</td>
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<td>Role Sets: <a href="./../../rup/rolesets/managers_A0FA9C69.html" guid="_qIh6UABuEdqrKcHWz1HoWw">管理员</a></td>
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<div class="sectionHeading">Relationships</div>
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<td class="sectionTableSingleCell" colspan="2" align="center"><p><map name="项目经理"><area href="./../../rup/tasks/compile_software_development_plan_FADDE6C8.html" shape="rect" coords="210, 10, 242, 42" alt="Compile Software Development Plan" title="Compile Software Development Plan" guid="{7B3D4BD7-93D5-4240-A449-47742FBB40A7}"></area><area href="./../../rup/tasks/define_monitoring_and_control_processes_6518F72E.html" shape="rect" coords="312, 10, 344, 42" alt="Define Monitoring & Control Processes" title="Define Monitoring & Control Processes" guid="{F5BB31F1-F2E7-41D2-A1D6-F4FDE0932123}"></area><area href="./../../rup/tasks/develop_measurement_plan_16772623.html" shape="rect" coords="414, 10, 446, 42" alt="Develop Measurement Plan" title="Develop Measurement Plan" guid="{C2E90714-D99F-40B5-BAF3-7E884CE01406}"></area><area href="./../../rup/tasks/develop_problem_resolution_plan_E465338F.html" shape="rect" coords="516, 10, 548, 42" alt="Develop Problem Resolution Plan" title="Develop Problem Resolution Plan" guid="{BA2988C4-2FC5-4C71-8EF9-8D6C233B01C2}"></area><area href="./../../rup/tasks/develop_product_acceptance_plan_49ABC905.html" shape="rect" coords="618, 10, 650, 42" alt="Develop Product Acceptance Plan" title="Develop Product Acceptance Plan" guid="{4CF4F344-60E4-46C5-8A62-7008B50115A5}"></area><area href="./../../rup/tasks/develop_qa_plan_55C8F24E.html" shape="rect" coords="720, 10, 752, 42" alt="Develop Quality Assurance Plan" title="Develop Quality Assurance Plan" guid="{CC2735AE-509D-4F53-A8EC-669ADF901ACF}"></area><area href="./../../rup/tasks/develop_risk_management_plan_5165A57B.html" shape="rect" coords="822, 10, 854, 42" alt="Develop Risk Management Plan" title="Develop Risk Management Plan" guid="{3A6EB315-2BA7-41B2-959C-26D9D2A6A339}"></area><area href="./../../rup/tasks/handle_exceptions_and_problems_C64D3CB1.html" shape="rect" coords="210, 72, 242, 104" alt="Handle Exceptions and Problems" title="Handle Exceptions and Problems" guid="{E497E75A-2E69-474E-A814-42BBD8081D1F}"></area><area href="./../../rup/tasks/monitor_project_status_1A73CCB1.html" shape="rect" coords="312, 72, 344, 104" alt="Monitor Project Status" title="Monitor Project Status" guid="{A7E3EAB8-8E5A-408C-B1EF-3CD3D3B0DEDD}"></area><area href="./../../rup/tasks/prepare_for_phase_closeout_17FE85E9.html" shape="rect" coords="414, 72, 446, 104" alt="Prepare for Phase Close-Out" title="Prepare for Phase Close-Out" guid="{F479892D-8ACC-46BD-82C4-24BBF11E2502}"></area><area href="./../../rup/tasks/prepare_for_project_closeout_4646DA4.html" shape="rect" coords="516, 72, 548, 104" alt="Prepare for Project Close-Out" title="Prepare for Project Close-Out" guid="{0DBA2A7C-B5FA-45D8-8FE3-EAD097A2C023}"></area><area href="./../../rup/tasks/schedule_and_assign_work_63D7C4DF.html" shape="rect" coords="618, 72, 650, 104" alt="安排和分配工作" title="安排和分配工作" guid="{972CBA81-A21B-4384-B482-3DA7D0859613}"></area><area href="./../../rup/tasks/report_status_8FAC706D.html" shape="rect" coords="720, 72, 752, 104" alt="报告状态" title="报告状态" guid="{F77A1270-3F63-4B44-894D-37316D046445}"></area><area href="./../../rup/tasks/define_project_organization_and_staffing_490679CB.html" shape="rect" coords="822, 72, 854, 104" alt="定义项目组织和人员配备" title="定义项目组织和人员配备" guid="{8158A0C5-E4B3-4B9F-9DD6-0A32EB233B87}"></area><area href="./../../rup/tasks/acquire_staff_1B59DBA8.html" shape="rect" coords="210, 134, 242, 166" alt="获得工作人员" title="获得工作人员" guid="{D6A30168-ECF2-40C0-AA8B-68462B3F193B}"></area><area href="./../../rup/tasks/plan_phases_and_iterations_2AB1A5C9.html" shape="rect" coords="312, 134, 344, 166" alt="计划阶段和迭代" title="计划阶段和迭代" guid="{43005DA9-D75E-464D-8AFC-AB9CACD92626}"></area><area href="./../../rup/tasks/develop_business_case_F985B634.html" shape="rect" coords="414, 134, 446, 166" alt="开发商业理由" title="开发商业理由" guid="{F7A5D34A-A8B1-466D-BE41-FFCD41B4430D}"></area><area href="./../../rup/tasks/assess_iteration_342C29D1.html" shape="rect" coords="516, 134, 548, 166" alt="评估迭代" title="评估迭代" guid="{DBD235AB-EEEF-4C9E-A83E-5B87DAD70E33}"></area><area href="./../../rup/tasks/initiate_iteration_E2241E8B.html" shape="rect" coords="618, 134, 650, 166" alt="启动迭代" title="启动迭代" guid="{50A77708-4FD4-42F5-B6D1-4DC751C7EBBE}"></area><area href="./../../rup/tasks/initiate_project_987939A6.html" shape="rect" coords="720, 134, 752, 166" alt="启动项目" title="启动项目" guid="{7E33D69A-6388-4782-998B-30A01E665531}"></area><area href="./../../rup/tasks/identify_and_assess_risks_63AEB0CC.html" shape="rect" coords="822, 134, 854, 166" alt="确定并评估风险" title="确定并评估风险" guid="{1E6B4943-6C77-4AD7-A248-AFACD79A322E}"></area><area href="./../../rup/tasks/develop_iteration_plan_144CF253.html" shape="rect" coords="210, 196, 242, 228" alt="制定迭代计划" title="制定迭代计划" guid="{50EDC6A8-97B0-46C1-9B1C-7630DE286841}"></area><area href="./../../rup/workproducts/rup_product_acceptance_plan_87B39522.html" shape="rect" coords="210, 273, 242, 305" alt="产品验收计划" title="产品验收计划" guid="{A70C1E6E-1D5C-4E97-AF63-2D5DFB5C8555}"></area><area href="./../../rup/workproducts/rup_iteration_plan_623AFF7F.html" shape="rect" coords="312, 273, 344, 305" alt="迭代计划" title="迭代计划" guid="{97269E0F-CDF3-448D-A732-DF39D099BDDD}"></area><area href="./../../rup/workproducts/rup_iteration_assessment_D08C6F7.html" shape="rect" coords="414, 273, 446, 305" alt="迭代评估" title="迭代评估" guid="{06114AF1-4D98-46B5-AE8B-DDEDFFE9B42B}"></area><area href="./../../rup/workproducts/rup_measurement_plan_E4DFAC77.html" shape="rect" coords="516, 273, 548, 305" alt="度量计划" title="度量计划" guid="{5932E02C-C446-4F54-83A4-307C878811E9}"></area><area href="./../../rup/workproducts/rup_risk_management_plan_20A20D4E.html" shape="rect" coords="618, 273, 650, 305" alt="风险管理计划" title="风险管理计划" guid="{D6752789-E49F-412A-8E56-BF1709A50E88}"></area><area href="./../../rup/workproducts/rup_risk_list_B87674CA.html" shape="rect" coords="720, 273, 752, 305" alt="风险列表" title="风险列表" guid="{32D7C484-2FAF-4442-8DA0-6D474B91A9DD}"></area><area href="./../../rup/workproducts/rup_work_order_CFBC805B.html" shape="rect" coords="822, 273, 854, 305" alt="工作单" title="工作单" guid="{18DB40A1-6272-467A-AC68-B2C4BE1DCD6C}"></area><area href="./../../rup/workproducts/rup_project_plan_D89CA030.html" shape="rect" coords="210, 335, 242, 367" alt="软件开发计划" title="软件开发计划" guid="{D77D6716-B167-4643-A4B6-6F76C7769A80}"></area><area href="./../../rup/workproducts/rup_business_case_56F408EB.html" shape="rect" coords="312, 335, 344, 367" alt="商业理由" title="商业理由" guid="{9B13F235-E8E9-4CDC-9ACE-216124C8C5EC}"></area><area href="./../../rup/workproducts/rup_problem_resolution_plan_516F6214.html" shape="rect" coords="414, 335, 446, 367" alt="问题解决计划" title="问题解决计划" guid="{5F77F969-3117-4924-AE01-E82CB60287D4}"></area><area href="./../../rup/workproducts/rup_issues_list_40ACA7DC.html" shape="rect" coords="516, 335, 548, 367" alt="问题列表" title="问题列表" guid="{78157368-E2D1-457E-84AF-D8D2C1C20B97}"></area><area href="./../../rup/workproducts/rup_project_measurements_3603FAE1.html" shape="rect" coords="618, 335, 650, 367" alt="项目评估" title="项目评估" guid="{55DB5C46-EA14-4B0A-8260-891AF5DAC294}"></area><area href="./../../nup_base/workproducts/project_sum_88396DC6.html" shape="rect" coords="720, 335, 752, 367" alt="项目总结" title="项目总结" guid="_l3JYIMJtEd2Mcfjx2jqsyw"></area><area href="./../../rup/workproducts/rup_quality_assurance_plan_78EBB190.html" shape="rect" coords="822, 335, 854, 367" alt="质量保证计划" title="质量保证计划" guid="{2322019F-A50D-4A54-AE84-876BB3B9E683}"></area><area href="./../../rup/workproducts/rup_status_assessment_A990B5EF.html" shape="rect" coords="210, 397, 242, 429" alt="状态评估" title="状态评估" guid="{F6D674A6-D71A-4D36-A195-4C888C1D0E70}"></area></map><img border="0" src="rup_project_manager_363CE680.jpg" alt="项目经理" title="项目经理" usemap="#项目经理"/></p></td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<th class="sectionTableHeading" scope="row">Additionally Performs</th><td class="sectionTableCell">
<ul>
<li>
<a href="./../../nup_base/tasks/建立组织知识库_D7DF488.html" guid="_5YOooNx4Ed27Ld6FEj33Ng">建立组织知识库</a>
</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<th class="sectionTableHeading" scope="row">Modifies</th><td class="sectionTableCell" colspan="2">
<ul>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup/workproducts/rup_product_acceptance_plan_87B39522.html" guid="{A70C1E6E-1D5C-4E97-AF63-2D5DFB5C8555}">产品验收计划</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup/workproducts/rup_iteration_plan_623AFF7F.html" guid="{97269E0F-CDF3-448D-A732-DF39D099BDDD}">迭代计划</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup/workproducts/rup_iteration_assessment_D08C6F7.html" guid="{06114AF1-4D98-46B5-AE8B-DDEDFFE9B42B}">迭代评估</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup/workproducts/rup_measurement_plan_E4DFAC77.html" guid="{5932E02C-C446-4F54-83A4-307C878811E9}">度量计划</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup/workproducts/rup_risk_management_plan_20A20D4E.html" guid="{D6752789-E49F-412A-8E56-BF1709A50E88}">风险管理计划</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup/workproducts/rup_risk_list_B87674CA.html" guid="{32D7C484-2FAF-4442-8DA0-6D474B91A9DD}">风险列表</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup/workproducts/rup_work_order_CFBC805B.html" guid="{18DB40A1-6272-467A-AC68-B2C4BE1DCD6C}">工作单</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup/workproducts/rup_project_plan_D89CA030.html" guid="{D77D6716-B167-4643-A4B6-6F76C7769A80}">软件开发计划</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup/workproducts/rup_business_case_56F408EB.html" guid="{9B13F235-E8E9-4CDC-9ACE-216124C8C5EC}">商业理由</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup/workproducts/rup_problem_resolution_plan_516F6214.html" guid="{5F77F969-3117-4924-AE01-E82CB60287D4}">问题解决计划</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup/workproducts/rup_issues_list_40ACA7DC.html" guid="{78157368-E2D1-457E-84AF-D8D2C1C20B97}">问题列表</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup/workproducts/rup_project_measurements_3603FAE1.html" guid="{55DB5C46-EA14-4B0A-8260-891AF5DAC294}">项目评估</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../nup_base/workproducts/project_sum_88396DC6.html" guid="_l3JYIMJtEd2Mcfjx2jqsyw">项目总结</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup/workproducts/rup_quality_assurance_plan_78EBB190.html" guid="{2322019F-A50D-4A54-AE84-876BB3B9E683}">质量保证计划</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup/workproducts/rup_status_assessment_A990B5EF.html" guid="{F6D674A6-D71A-4D36-A195-4C888C1D0E70}">状态评估</a>
</li>
</ul>
<ul></ul>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<div class="sectionHeading">Main Description</div>
<div class="sectionContent">
<table class="sectionTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr valign="top">
<td class="sectionTableSingleCell"><a id="Top" name="Top"></a><a id="XE_project_manager_(role)__description_of" key="项目经理（角色）（project manager）" text="描述" name="XE_project_manager_(role)__description_of" class="index"></a><a id="Description" name="Description"></a> 
<p>
    <a class="PresentationName" guid="{EE97A8CD-66CA-4A9B-9871-E3B94CCED528}">项目经理</a>将项目管理知识、技能、工具和技术广泛应用于各种任务，以满足需求并交付特定项目的最终结果。
</p></td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<div class="sectionHeading">Staffing</div>
<div class="sectionContent">
<table class="sectionTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr valign="top">
<th class="sectionTableHeading" scope="row">Skills</th><td class="sectionTableCell"><a id="Skills" name="Skills"></a> 
<p>
    要胜任<a class="PresentationName" guid="{EE97A8CD-66CA-4A9B-9871-E3B94CCED528}">项目经理</a>角色，建议您具备以下技能：
</p>
<ul>
    <li>
        软件开发生命期、应用程序领域和平台方面的经验
    </li>
    <li>
        范围估计、规划、时间管理、调度、项目成本估算和预算管理
    </li>
    <li>
        资源规划、资源管理和采购
    </li>
    <li>
        风险分析、相关性和决策分析技能
    </li>
    <li>
        展示、沟通和协商技能
    </li>
    <li>
        项目管理方面的经验
    </li>
    <li>
        领导层和团队建设能力
    </li>
    <li>
        冲突解决、问题解决技能，以及在压力下作出合理决策的能力
    </li>
    <li>
        基于可交付工件的管理，关注客户价值的实现（以执行符合或超出客户需要的软件的形式）。
    </li>
</ul></td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<th class="sectionTableHeading" scope="row">Assignment Approaches</th><td class="sectionTableCell"><a id="RoleAssignment" name="RoleAssignment"></a> 
<p>
    对于较小的项目，一个人可兼任项目经理和开发角色（例如软件架构师）。 但是，如有可能，通常最好不要让项目经理承担开发职责，以确保管理职责方面的时间压力不会妨碍到开发任务，反之亦然。
</p>
<p>
    项目经理角色通常可以与其他管理型角色成功地组合在一起，例如变更控制管理员、部署管理员和流程工程师。
</p>
<p>
    项目经理可能需要对诸如收集项目状态信息、生成度量标准和准备报告之类的任务的支持。当为项目配备人员时，请考虑将支持人员包括在内，以帮助执行这些任务。
</p></td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<div class="sectionHeading">More Information</div>
<div class="sectionContent">
<table class="sectionTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr valign="top">
<th class="sectionTableHeading" scope="row">Concepts</th><td class="sectionTableCell">
<ul>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup/guidances/whitepapers/from_waterfall_to_iterative_lifecycle_E927A670.html" guid="1.749998588331248E-306">From Waterfall to Iterative Lifecycle</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup/guidances/whitepapers/the_estimation_of_effort_based_on_use_cases_9C41D15B.html" guid="1.9405904686693683E-305">The Estimation of Effort Based on Use Cases</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup/guidances/whitepapers/the_ten_essentials_of_rup_732348E4.html" guid="2.394833346911732E-305">The Ten Essentials of NUP</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup/guidances/concepts/estimating_project_effort_3315FF9E.html" guid="2.0746098019135414E-305">估算项目工时</a>
</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<th class="sectionTableHeading" scope="row">Whitepapers</th><td class="sectionTableCell">
<ul>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup/guidances/whitepapers/from_waterfall_to_iterative_lifecycle_E927A670.html" guid="1.749998588331248E-306">From Waterfall to Iterative Lifecycle</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup/guidances/whitepapers/the_estimation_of_effort_based_on_use_cases_9C41D15B.html" guid="1.9405904686693683E-305">The Estimation of Effort Based on Use Cases</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup/guidances/whitepapers/the_ten_essentials_of_rup_732348E4.html" guid="2.394833346911732E-305">The Ten Essentials of NUP</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup/guidances/concepts/estimating_project_effort_3315FF9E.html" guid="2.0746098019135414E-305">估算项目工时</a>
</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
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